Training-Induced Modification of Auditory Sensory Processing in Schizophrenia : Evidence from Event-Related and Time-Frequency Analysis

.....................................................................................i Zusammenfassung .................................................................iii Abbreviations ...........................................................................v Conducted Studies & Own Research Contributions ..........vii 1 Introduction.......................................................................1 1.1 Neuroplasticity: Brain’s Sensitivity for Change...................................... 6 1.2 Methods of Tracing Neuroplasticity in the Human Brain in vivo .......... 9 1.2.1 Basic Principles of Magnetoencephalography: time vs. frequency domain analyses ............................................................................................... 9 1.2.2 Evidence of functional neuroplasticity from magnetoencephalographic brain signals.................................................................................................... 11 1.3 Neuroplasticity-Based Treatment Approaches in Schizophrenia: The Evidence so far ................................................................................................. 13 1.4 The Present Project ................................................................................. 15 2 Studies on Training-induced Modification of Auditory Sensory Processing in Schizophrenia ..............................16 2.1 Study 1: Specific Cognitive Training Normalizes Auditory Sensory Gating in Schizophrenia: A Randomized Trial............................................... 16 2.1.1 Introduction.......................................................................................... 16 2.1.2 Methods and Materials ........................................................................ 18 2.1.3 Results ................................................................................................ 23 2.1.4 Discussion ........................................................................................... 28 2.2 Study 2: Evoked and Induced Oscillatory Activity Contributes to Abnormal Auditory Sensory Gating in Schizophrenia.................................. 32 2.2.1 Introduction.......................................................................................... 32 2.2.2 Methods............................................................................................... 33 2.2.3 Results ................................................................................................ 37 2.2.4 Discussion ........................................................................................... 43 2.3 Study 3: Training-induced Modification of Ongoing Oscillatory Activity During the Double-Click Paradigm in Schizophrenia ..................... 47 2.3.1 Introduction.......................................................................................... 47 2.3.2 Methods and Materials ........................................................................ 48 2.3.3 Results ................................................................................................ 51 2.3.4 Discussion ........................................................................................... 57 3 General Discussion ........................................................59 4 Limitations and Future Directions ................................67 5 References ......................................................................69 6 Figure Index ....................................................................81 7 Table Index ......................................................................85